{"id":544,"date":"2019-11-27T18:42:18","date_gmt":"2019-11-27T17:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/?page_id=544"},"modified":"2019-11-27T18:48:22","modified_gmt":"2019-11-27T17:48:22","slug":"historie-pestovani-repky-olejky","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/?page_id=544","title":{"rendered":"Historie p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epky olejky"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Historie p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epky a\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epkov\u00e9ho oleje<\/strong><\/h3>\n

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N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1stupci rodu brukev (Brassica), zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edho asi 30 druh\u016f rostlin z\u00a0\u010deledi brukvovit\u00fdch (Brassicaceae), pat\u0159\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b k\u00a0<\/span>nejstar\u0161\u00edm zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdm plodin\u00e1m<\/strong>. Existuj\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy ze starov\u011bk\u00e9 Indie, datovan\u00e9 do obdob\u00ed <\/span>2000\u20131500 let p\u0159ed Kristem<\/strong>, o\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epkov\u00e9ho oleje na va\u0159en\u00ed a\u00a0sv\u00edcen\u00ed. \u010c\u00edna a jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropa byly prvn\u00edmi oblastmi, kde se brukev \u0159epka (Brassica napus) c\u00edlev\u011bdom\u011b p\u011bstovala. V Evrop\u011b se tato plodina vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b <\/span>od roku 1200<\/strong>. P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epky v \u010cech\u00e1ch a na Morav\u011b je dostate\u010dn\u011b zdokumentov\u00e1no <\/span>od roku 1868<\/strong> a\u017e po sou\u010dasnost, ale existuj\u00ed i\u00a0star\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1znamy, nap\u0159. z\u00a0obdob\u00ed vl\u00e1dy Marie Terezie (1741\u20131780), o\u00a0v\u00fdskytu \u0159epky na \u010desk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0158epkov\u00fd olej se p\u016fvodn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edval v\u00edce pro <\/span>technick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely<\/strong>, nap\u0159\u00edklad jako olej na sv\u00edcen\u00ed, pozd\u011bji jej nahradil petrolej. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epkov\u00e9ho oleje pro technick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely je aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed i\u00a0dnes. Z\u00a0oleje se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed methylestery mastn\u00fdch kyselin s\u00a0jejich n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm ve vzn\u011btov\u00fdch motorech bez nutnosti konstruk\u010dn\u00edch \u00faprav. Takto upraven\u00fd olej se chov\u00e1 podobn\u011b jako nafta, proto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00a0dob\u011b v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 potravinov\u00e9 nouze se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pro <\/span>potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely<\/strong>. Tehdej\u0161\u00ed olej v\u0161ak obsahoval p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 45 % kyseliny erukov\u00e9. Ve studi\u00edch na zv\u00ed\u0159atech p\u0159i vysok\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edjmu kyseliny erukov\u00e9 doch\u00e1zelo k\u00a0negativn\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m srde\u010dn\u00edho svalu\u00b9.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00edlev\u011bdomou prac\u00ed mnoha \u0161lechtitelsk\u00fdch t\u00fdm\u016f v\u00a0Evrop\u011b a\u00a0Kanad\u011b byl u\u017e v\u00a070. letech obsah t\u00e9to mastn\u00e9 kyseliny postupn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017een a\u017e na zlomek p\u016fvodn\u00edho obsahu. U\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00fdch odr\u016fd \u0159epky nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt obsah kyseliny erukov\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 2 %. Re\u00e1ln\u011b se v\u0161ak pohybuje nej\u010dast\u011bji na \u00farovni n\u011bkolika desetin procenta, \u010dasto pod mez\u00ed detekce b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch analytick\u00fdch metod. A\u0165 ji\u017e se setk\u00e1me s\u00a0pojmy <\/span>bezerukov\u00e9 \u010di n\u00edzkoerukov\u00e9 odr\u016fdy \u0159epky<\/strong>, jedn\u00e1 se v\u017edy prakticky o\u00a0tot\u00e9\u017e. Kyselina erukov\u00e1 v\u00a0takto n\u00edzk\u00e9m pod\u00edlu \u010din\u00ed \u0159epkov\u00fd olej zcela bezpe\u010dn\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci na v\u00fd\u017eivu pova\u017euj\u00ed \u0159epkov\u00fd olej z\u00a0hlediska jeho v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 hodnoty za <\/span>jeden z\u00a0nejlep\u0161\u00edch olej\u016f<\/strong>, kter\u00fd v\u00a0mnoh\u00e9m p\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed olej olivov\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b9 Abdellatif, A.M.M. and Vles, R.O. (1970). Biological effects of dietary rapeseed oil in rats. Nutr. Metab. 12: 285.<\/em><\/p>\n

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[et_pb_section fb_built=“1″ _builder_version=“4.0.1″][et_pb_row _builder_version=“4.0.1″ column_structure=“3_5,2_5″][et_pb_column _builder_version=“4.0.1″ type=“3_5″][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.0.1″ hover_enabled=“0″ text_line_height=“1.9em“] Historie p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epky a\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epkov\u00e9ho oleje N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1stupci rodu brukev (Brassica), zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edho asi 30 druh\u016f rostlin z\u00a0\u010deledi brukvovit\u00fdch (Brassicaceae), pat\u0159\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b k\u00a0nejstar\u0161\u00edm zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdm plodin\u00e1m. Existuj\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy ze starov\u011bk\u00e9 Indie, datovan\u00e9 do obdob\u00ed 2000\u20131500 let p\u0159ed Kristem, o\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epkov\u00e9ho oleje na va\u0159en\u00ed a\u00a0sv\u00edcen\u00ed. \u010c\u00edna a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":8,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/544"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=544"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":557,"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/544\/revisions\/557"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.olejnadzlato.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}